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Twenty more documents

Twenty more records without a primary source now rest on the document itself: first editions of books, the Nupedia mailing list, the Maven memo, a UN resolution, court rulings, the laws of Korea and India. For nineteen of them the document corrected the record.

The second portion

After the first portion 48 of 848 records were left without a primary source. The 6-in-1 handed over a card for the next twenty, in five groups: digitised books, early records, defence, courts and law. All twenty were found: 48 new sources, each one read. 28 records are now without a primary source.

The document confirmed the text of only one record, the Supreme Court’s denial in Thaler’s case. The other nineteen were rewritten.

Books from the wrong years

The card asked first whether each scan was a first edition. Three of four were not. The Cybernetics at the cited address is the second edition of 1961, Ashby’s Design for a Brain the second of 1960, and Bryson and Ho a 1975 reprint. Those sources now say so, and next to them stand the texts of the first editions: the thirteenth printing of Cybernetics from 1957 with its 1948 copyright, Ashby’s corrected reprint of 1954, and the Blaisdell of 1969 itself, read through the search inside the scan. Faster Than Thought is an unchanged 1963 reprint, so it is now the primary source.

The chapter on games in Faster Than Thought was furthest from the text. The record said Turing described a program that had to be run by hand because no machine could run it, that it was Turochamp, written with Champernowne, and that a move took half an hour. The chapter has no Champernowne, no Turochamp and no half hour, and Turing writes that his rules could without difficulty be made into a machine programme. The chapter is credited to four authors, and it gives “the sheer fun of the thing” as the motive for games, not a test bed. The same chapter corrected the record on Prinz: 15 minutes went on one very simple problem, and in general, by Prinz’s own article, a solution could take several hours. Ashby did not say adaptation needs no goal: he calls the behaviour of a stable system goal-seeking himself. And Wiener named the field seven years before the Dartmouth proposal, not eight.

Wikipedia and robots

No document written on 15 January 2001 confirms that day. Sanger proposed a wiki on the Nupedia list on 10 January, the name appeared on the 11th, and he announced the site on the 17th. 15 January is the founders’ reckoning a year later, in the press release for the first anniversary. Willow Garage valued the giveaway at over $4.4 million; it had promised about ten robots and gave away a round eleven. “At the last minute” is IEEE Spectrum’s phrase, not the company’s. Berkeley’s towels were folded on an alpha prototype at Willow Garage itself, and the video had gone viral by April.

Defence

The Maven memo turned out to have a text layer, though the record said its text could not be extracted. The record now quotes the memo itself. The handover to the geospatial intelligence agency is now dated January 2023, as the agency itself says, not 2022. UN resolution 78/241 asks for the views of Member States and observer States, not “countries and other stakeholders”, and for a report not by September 2024 but to the next session. Google removed four items, not three, and the third ended with “and human rights”. Palantir’s contract was announced on 21 May, not the 22nd, and the modification changed one contract, not two.

Courts and laws

CourtListener again gave the filings themselves through its storage and search API, with two checks of the date on every document. The jury in Musk’s case was advisory and never reached the questions of liability. It answered only on the statute of limitations, and the claim was breach of charitable trust, not of a “founding agreement”. The ruling in Anthropic’s case was not the first: the same court had already enjoined the measures against the company on 26 March. In Bartz, the judge writes of the minimum “for willful infringement”, and “ordinary” appears only in her quotation of the earlier order. The Justice Department called deeply flawed not the dilution theory itself but the way the Kadrey court applied the fourth factor.

The 10^26 threshold is not in the Korean act but in its enforcement decree, and only as one of three criteria. In India the 36 hours are for prohibited categories of content, not for complaints about a particular person. The White House nowhere writes that its framework is “non-binding” or has “a light regulatory touch”: those are the law firm’s words.

What is left

The rest of Prinz’s article, behind Springer’s paywall, was not read, nor the 1952 Chapman & Hall first edition of Ashby, only the 1954 reprint. Musk’s quotation, the $70 million for Maven and the date it became a program of record remain on secondary sources. Twenty-eight records without a primary source wait for the next portion.

Entry written September 27, 2026

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